JAMB Biology 2024

1. What is the powerhouse of the cell?

• a) Nucleus
• b) Golgi apparatus
• c) Mitochondria
• d) Endoplasmic reticulum

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Correct Answer: c) Mitochondria

2. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

• a) Golgi apparatus
• b) Ribosome
• c) Lysosome
• d) Peroxisome

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Correct Answer: b) Ribosome

3. What is the basic unit of heredity?

• a) Protein
• b) Gene
• c) Enzyme
• d) Carbohydrate

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Correct Answer: b) Gene

4. What is the process by which green plants make their food?

• a) Photosynthesis
• b) Respiration
• c) Digestion
• d) Fermentation

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Correct Answer: a) Photosynthesis

5. Which of the following is not a function of the liver?

• a) Detoxification
• b) Carbohydrate storage
• c) Protein synthesis
• d) Hormone secretion

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Correct Answer: d) Hormone secretion

6. Which blood type is known as the universal donor?

• a) Type A
• b) Type AB
• c) Type O
• d) Type B

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Correct Answer: c) Type O

7. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

• a) Insulin
• b) Estrogen
• c) Testosterone
• d) Thyroxine

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Correct Answer: a) Insulin

8. Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

• a) Coal
• b) Natural gas
• c) Wind
• d) Petroleum

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Correct Answer: c) Wind

9. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?

• a) Nitrogen
• b) Oxygen
• c) Carbon dioxide
• d) Hydrogen

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Correct Answer: c) Carbon dioxide

10. What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

• a) Transporting oxygen
• b) Excreting waste
• c) Breathing
• d) Digesting food

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Correct Answer: c) Breathing

11. Which gas is produced during cellular respiration?

• a) Oxygen
• b) Carbon dioxide
• c) Nitrogen
• d) Hydrogen

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Correct Answer: b) Carbon dioxide

12. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?

• a) Cerebrum
• b) Cerebellum
• c) Brainstem
• d) Hypothalamus

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Correct Answer: b) Cerebellum

13. What is the largest organ in the human body?

• a) Liver
• b) Brain
• c) Skin
• d) Heart

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Correct Answer: a) Liver

14. Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

• a) Protecting internal organs
• b) Producing blood cells
• c) Controlling body temperature
• d) Producing hormones

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Correct Answer: d) Producing hormones

15. What is the function of white blood cells?

• a) Transporting oxygen
• b) Fighting infection
• c) Carrying nutrients
• d) Clotting blood

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Correct Answer: b) Fighting infection

16. What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

• a) Transportation of gases, nutrients, and waste products
• b) Maintaining body temperature
• c) Regulating hormones
• d) Providing structural support

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Correct Answer: a) Transportation of gases, nutrients, and waste products

17. What is the role of DNA in cells?

• a) Providing energy
• b) Storing genetic information
• c) Breaking down waste
• d) Regulating cell growth

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Correct Answer: b) Storing genetic information

18. Which of the following is not a function of the immune system?

• a) Fighting infections
• b) Regulating body temperature
• c) Removing damaged cells
• d) Producing hormones

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Correct Answer: d) Producing hormones

19. What is the purpose of the endocrine system?

• a) Controlling movement
• b) Regulating metabolism, growth, and development
• c) Excreting waste
• d) Digesting food

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Correct Answer: b) Regulating metabolism, growth, and development

20. Which of the following is not a component of blood?

• a) Platelets
• b) Plasma
• c) Hormones
• d) Bone marrow

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Correct Answer: d) Bone marrow

21. What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?

• a) Transpiration
• b) Respiration
• c) Photosynthesis
• d) Germination

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Correct Answer: a) Transpiration

22. Which of the following is not a characteristic of living organisms?

• a) Growth and development
• b) Response to stimuli
• c) Ability to reproduce
• d) Inorganic composition

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Correct Answer: d) Inorganic composition

23. What is the process by which cells divide to produce new cells?

• a) Replication
• b) Mitosis
• c) Meiosis
• d) Fertilization

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Correct Answer: b) Mitosis

24. What is the main function of the kidneys?

• a) Regulating blood sugar levels
• b) Filtering waste from the blood
• c) Producing hormones
• d) Digesting food

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Correct Answer: b) Filtering waste from the blood

25. What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

• a) Absorbing carbon dioxide
• b) Absorbing sunlight
• c) Releasing oxygen
• d) Breaking down glucose

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Correct Answer: b) Absorbing sunlight

26. Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue?

• a) Skeletal
• b) Cardiac
• c) Adipose
• d) Smooth

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Correct Answer: c) Adipose

27. What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

• a) Producing bile
• b) Absorbing nutrients
• c) Producing digestive enzymes
• d) Storing food

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Correct Answer: c) Producing digestive enzymes

28. What is the role of the myelin sheath in nerve cells?

• a) Speeding up the transmission of nerve impulses
• b) Protecting the cell from damage
• c) Regulating hormone levels
• d) Providing structural support

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Correct Answer: a) Speeding up the transmission of nerve impulses

29. Which of the following is not a type of symbiotic relationship?

• a) Mutualism
• b) Parasitism
• c) Predation
• d) Commensalism

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Correct Answer: c) Predation

30. What is the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

• a) Storing genetic information
• b) Providing energy
• c) Regulating cell growth
• d) Breaking down waste products

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Correct Answer: b) Providing energy

31. What is the function of the ribosomes in the cell?

• a) Producing energy
• b) Synthesizing proteins
• c) Packaging molecules for export
• d) Breaking down waste

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Correct Answer: b) Synthesizing proteins

32. What is the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment?

• a) Homeostasis
• b) Respiration
• c) Reproduction
• d) Evolution

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Correct Answer: a) Homeostasis

33. Which of the following is not a type of passive transport?

• a) Diffusion
• b) Osmosis
• c) Active transport
• d) Facilitated diffusion

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Correct Answer: c) Active transport

34. What is the role of hemoglobin in the blood?

• a) Fighting infections
• b) Transporting oxygen
• c) Clotting blood
• d) Breaking down toxins

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Correct Answer: b) Transporting oxygen

35. What is the function of the thymus gland in the immune system?

• a) Producing antibodies
• b) Filtering toxins from the blood
• c) Maturation of T cells
• d) Regulating body temperature

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Correct Answer: c) Maturation of T cells

36. What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

• a) Storing genetic information
• b) Acting as a template for DNA replication
• c) Carrying amino acids to the ribosome
• d) Regulating gene expression

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Correct Answer: c) Carrying amino acids to the ribosome

37. What is the primary function of the stomata in plant leaves?

• a) Absorbing water
• b) Exchanging gases
• c) Storing nutrients
• d) Producing sugars

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Correct Answer: b) Exchanging gases

38. Which of the following is not a function of the nervous system?

• a) Controlling body movements
• b) Regulating hormone levels
• c) Processing sensory information
• d) Learning and memory

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Correct Answer: b) Regulating hormone levels

39. What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

• a) Protein synthesis
• b) Energy production
• c) Packaging and shipping proteins
• d) DNA replication

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Correct Answer: c) Packaging and shipping proteins

40. What is the function of the hypothalamus in the brain?

• a) Regulating body temperature
• b) Controlling hunger and thirst
• c) Maintaining homeostasis
• d) All of the above

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Correct Answer: d) All of the above

41. Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

• a) Protein synthesis
• b) Lipid synthesis
• c) Energy production
• d) Waste disposal

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Correct Answer: b) Lipid synthesis

42. What is the role of the gallbladder in the digestive system?

• a) Producing bile
• b) Storing bile
• c) Digesting carbohydrates
• d) Absorbing nutrients

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Correct Answer: b) Storing bile

43. What is the function of the centrioles in animal cells?

• a) Protein synthesis
• b) Cell division
• c) Energy production
• d) Waste disposal

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Correct Answer: b) Cell division

44. What is the process by which water moves across a semipermeable membrane?

• a) Osmosis
• b) Diffusion
• c) Active transport
• d) Facilitated diffusion

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Correct Answer: a) Osmosis

45. Which of the following is not a type of tissue in the human body?

• a) Epithelial
• b) Connective
• c) Nervous
• d) Cardiac

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Correct Answer: d) Cardiac

46. What is the function of the adrenal glands?

• a) Producing insulin
• b) Regulating blood pressure
• c) Producing hormones like adrenaline
• d) Digesting food

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Correct Answer: c) Producing hormones like adrenaline

47. What is the role of the mucus membrane in the respiratory system?

• a) Filtering air
• b) Producing mucus to trap pathogens
• c) Exchange of gases
• d) Protection from UV radiation

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Correct Answer: b) Producing mucus to trap pathogens

48. Which of the following is not a type of mutation?

• a) Insertion
• b) Deletion
• c) Translation
• d) Substitution

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Correct Answer: c) Translation

49. What is the function of the mitochondria in the cell?

• a) Protein synthesis
• b) Energy production
• c) Storage of genetic information
• d) Waste disposal

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Correct Answer: b) Energy production

50. Which of the following is not a component of the scientific method?

• a) Hypothesis
• b) Conclusion
• c) Opinion
• d) Experimentation

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Correct Answer: c) Opinion